International Copyright Laws (United Kingdom)
Expert-defined terms from the Masterclass Certificate in Music Rights Clearance (United Kingdom) course at London School of Business and Administration. Free to read, free to share, paired with a professional course.
Abridgement refers to a shortened version of a copyrighted work, often used in e… #
Abridgement refers to a shortened version of a copyrighted work, often used in educational or research settings, and its use is governed by fair dealing provisions under the United Kingdom's Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Acquisition of rights is the process by which a person or organization obtains t… #
Acquisition of rights is the process by which a person or organization obtains the necessary permissions or licenses to use a copyrighted work, and it is an essential aspect of music rights clearance in the United Kingdom.
Adaptation refers to the process of creating a new work based on an existing cop… #
Adaptation refers to the process of creating a new work based on an existing copyrighted work, such as a film adaptation of a novel, and under United Kingdom law, adaptations are considered to be derivative works.
Administration of rights refers to the process of managing and enforcing copyrig… #
Administration of rights refers to the process of managing and enforcing copyright and related rights, often carried out by a collecting society or other organization, and it plays a crucial role in the music industry in the United Kingdom.
Assignment of rights is the process by which the owner of a copyrighted work tra… #
Assignment of rights is the process by which the owner of a copyrighted work transfers their rights to another person or organization, and under United Kingdom law, assignments must be in writing to be effective.
Authorship refers to the process of creating a copyrighted work, and under Unite… #
Authorship refers to the process of creating a copyrighted work, and under United Kingdom law, the author of a work is the person who creates it, unless otherwise agreed, and the author is the first owner of the copyright.
Berne Convention is an international treaty that sets out the basic principles o… #
Berne Convention is an international treaty that sets out the basic principles of copyright protection, including the requirement that signatory countries provide a minimum term of copyright protection, and the United Kingdom is a signatory to this convention.
Broadcasting rights refer to the right to broadcast a copyrighted work, such as… #
Broadcasting rights refer to the right to broadcast a copyrighted work, such as a television show or radio program, and under United Kingdom law, broadcasting rights are considered to be a form of public performance.
Collecting society is an organization that manages and administers the rights of… #
Collecting society is an organization that manages and administers the rights of multiple copyright owners, often collecting royalties on their behalf, and in the United Kingdom, collecting societies play a crucial role in the music industry.
Communication to the public is the right to make a copyrighted work available to… #
Communication to the public is the right to make a copyrighted work available to the public, such as by streaming or downloading, and under United Kingdom law, this right is considered to be a fundamental aspect of copyright protection.
Compulsory license is a license that is granted by law, allowing a person or org… #
Compulsory license is a license that is granted by law, allowing a person or organization to use a copyrighted work without the permission of the copyright owner, often in exchange for a fee or royalty, and under United Kingdom law, compulsory licenses are available for certain types of uses.
Copyright is a form of intellectual property that protects original literary, dr… #
Copyright is a form of intellectual property that protects original literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, and under United Kingdom law, copyright protection is automatic, and it arises as soon as a work is created.
Copyright clearance is the process of obtaining the necessary permissions or lic… #
Copyright clearance is the process of obtaining the necessary permissions or licenses to use a copyrighted work, and it is an essential aspect of music rights clearance in the United Kingdom.
Copyright infringement occurs when a person or organization uses a copyrighted w… #
Copyright infringement occurs when a person or organization uses a copyrighted work without permission, and under United Kingdom law, copyright infringement is a civil offense, and it can result in significant damages and penalties.
Copyright owner is the person or organization that owns the copyright in a work,… #
Copyright owner is the person or organization that owns the copyright in a work, and under United Kingdom law, the copyright owner has the exclusive right to use and exploit the work.
Copyright term refers to the length of time that a work is protected by copyrigh… #
Copyright term refers to the length of time that a work is protected by copyright, and under United Kingdom law, the copyright term is generally the life of the author plus 70 years.
Cultural exception is a concept that recognizes the importance of cultural works… #
Cultural exception is a concept that recognizes the importance of cultural works, such as films and television shows, and provides for special treatment under copyright law, and in the United Kingdom, cultural exceptions are recognized under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Database right is a form of intellectual property that protects databases, and u… #
Database right is a form of intellectual property that protects databases, and under United Kingdom law, database right is considered to be a separate form of protection from copyright.
Derivative work is a work that is based on an existing copyrighted work, such as… #
Derivative work is a work that is based on an existing copyrighted work, such as a sequel or adaptation, and under United Kingdom law, derivative works are considered to be new works, and they are protected by copyright in their own right.
Digital rights management refers to the use of technology to protect and manage… #
Digital rights management refers to the use of technology to protect and manage digital copyrighted works, such as by using encryption or other forms of protection.
Distribution right is the right to distribute a copyrighted work, such as by sel… #
Distribution right is the right to distribute a copyrighted work, such as by selling or renting copies, and under United Kingdom law, distribution rights are considered to be a fundamental aspect of copyright protection.
Economic rights refer to the rights of the copyright owner to exploit the work f… #
Economic rights refer to the rights of the copyright owner to exploit the work for financial gain, and under United Kingdom law, economic rights include the right to reproduce, distribute, and communicate the work to the public.
Exclusion of rights refers to the process of excluding certain rights or uses fr… #
Exclusion of rights refers to the process of excluding certain rights or uses from a license or other agreement, and under United Kingdom law, exclusions of rights must be clearly stated in the agreement.
Exhaustion of rights occurs when the copyright owner's rights are exhausted, suc… #
Exhaustion of rights occurs when the copyright owner's rights are exhausted, such as when a copy of a work is sold, and under United Kingdom law, exhaustion of rights is recognized as a limitation on the copyright owner's rights.
Fair dealing is a concept that allows for the use of a copyrighted work without… #
Fair dealing is a concept that allows for the use of a copyrighted work without permission, under certain circumstances, such as for criticism or review, and under United Kingdom law, fair dealing is considered to be a limitation on the copyright owner's rights.
Film copyright refers to the copyright in a film, and under United Kingdom law,… #
Film copyright refers to the copyright in a film, and under United Kingdom law, film copyright is considered to be a separate form of protection from the copyright in the underlying works, such as the screenplay or music.
Grand rights refer to the rights to perform a musical work in a dramatic context… #
Grand rights refer to the rights to perform a musical work in a dramatic context, such as in a musical or opera, and under United Kingdom law, grand rights are considered to be a form of public performance.
Intellectual property refers to the rights that protect creative works, such as… #
Intellectual property refers to the rights that protect creative works, such as copyright, trademarks, and patents, and under United Kingdom law, intellectual property rights are considered to be a form of personal property.
International copyright law refers to the laws and treaties that govern copyrigh… #
International copyright law refers to the laws and treaties that govern copyright protection around the world, and the United Kingdom is a signatory to several international copyright treaties, including the Berne Convention.
License is a permission or agreement that allows a person or organization to use… #
License is a permission or agreement that allows a person or organization to use a copyrighted work, and under United Kingdom law, licenses can be exclusive or non-exclusive, and they can be granted for a specific term or territory.
Licensing agreement is a contract that grants a license to use a copyrighted wor… #
Licensing agreement is a contract that grants a license to use a copyrighted work, and under United Kingdom law, licensing agreements must be in writing to be effective.
Mechanical rights refer to the rights to reproduce a musical work, such as by re… #
Mechanical rights refer to the rights to reproduce a musical work, such as by recording or printing, and under United Kingdom law, mechanical rights are considered to be a form of reproduction right.
Moral rights refer to the rights of the author to protect the integrity and repu… #
Moral rights refer to the rights of the author to protect the integrity and reputation of their work, and under United Kingdom law, moral rights include the right to be identified as the author, and the right to object to derogatory treatment.
Music copyright refers to the copyright in a musical work, and under United King… #
Music copyright refers to the copyright in a musical work, and under United Kingdom law, music copyright is considered to be a separate form of protection from the copyright in the underlying works, such as the lyrics or composition.
Music licensing is the process of obtaining the necessary permissions or license… #
Music licensing is the process of obtaining the necessary permissions or licenses to use a musical work, and it is an essential aspect of music rights clearance in the United Kingdom.
Music publishing refers to the business of acquiring, managing, and exploiting t… #
Music publishing refers to the business of acquiring, managing, and exploiting the rights in musical works, and under United Kingdom law, music publishers play a crucial role in the music industry.
Non #
discrimination is a principle that requires copyright laws to be applied in a non-discriminatory manner, and under United Kingdom law, non-discrimination is considered to be a fundamental principle of copyright protection.
Originality is a requirement for copyright protection, and under United Kingdom… #
Originality is a requirement for copyright protection, and under United Kingdom law, a work must be original to be protected by copyright, and originality is determined by the level of skill, labor, and judgment that has gone into the creation of the work.
Performance right is the right to perform a copyrighted work, such as by playing… #
Performance right is the right to perform a copyrighted work, such as by playing or showing it in public, and under United Kingdom law, performance rights are considered to be a fundamental aspect of copyright protection.
Phonogram is a sound recording, and under United Kingdom law, phonograms are pro… #
Phonogram is a sound recording, and under United Kingdom law, phonograms are protected by a separate form of copyright, known as phonogram copyright.
Plagiarism is the act of passing off someone else's work as one's own, and under… #
Plagiarism is the act of passing off someone else's work as one's own, and under United Kingdom law, plagiarism is considered to be a form of intellectual property theft.
Private copying is the act of copying a copyrighted work for personal use, and u… #
Private copying is the act of copying a copyrighted work for personal use, and under United Kingdom law, private copying is considered to be a form of fair dealing.
Public domain refers to works that are no longer protected by copyright, and und… #
Public domain refers to works that are no longer protected by copyright, and under United Kingdom law, works that are in the public domain can be used freely without permission.
Public performance is the right to perform a copyrighted work in public, and und… #
Public performance is the right to perform a copyrighted work in public, and under United Kingdom law, public performance rights are considered to be a fundamental aspect of copyright protection.
Recording contract is a contract between a musician and a record label, and unde… #
Recording contract is a contract between a musician and a record label, and under United Kingdom law, recording contracts must be in writing to be effective.
Reproduction right is the right to reproduce a copyrighted work, and under Unite… #
Reproduction right is the right to reproduce a copyrighted work, and under United Kingdom law, reproduction rights are considered to be a fundamental aspect of copyright protection.
Reservation of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work reserves certa… #
Reservation of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work reserves certain rights, such as the right to reproduce or distribute the work, and under United Kingdom law, reservations of rights must be clearly stated in the agreement.
Royalty is a payment made to the copyright owner for the use of their work, and… #
Royalty is a payment made to the copyright owner for the use of their work, and under United Kingdom law, royalties are considered to be a form of compensation for the use of a copyrighted work.
Synchronization right is the right to synchronize a musical work with a visual i… #
Synchronization right is the right to synchronize a musical work with a visual image, such as in a film or television show, and under United Kingdom law, synchronization rights are considered to be a form of public performance.
Term of protection refers to the length of time that a work is protected by copy… #
Term of protection refers to the length of time that a work is protected by copyright, and under United Kingdom law, the term of protection is generally the life of the author plus 70 years.
Territoriality is a principle that requires copyright laws to be applied on a te… #
Territoriality is a principle that requires copyright laws to be applied on a territorial basis, and under United Kingdom law, territoriality is considered to be a fundamental principle of copyright protection.
Transfer of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work transfers their r… #
Transfer of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work transfers their rights to another person or organization, and under United Kingdom law, transfers of rights must be in writing to be effective.
Translation right is the right to translate a copyrighted work, and under United… #
Translation right is the right to translate a copyrighted work, and under United Kingdom law, translation rights are considered to be a form of reproduction right.
Universal Copyright Convention is an international treaty that sets out the basi… #
Universal Copyright Convention is an international treaty that sets out the basic principles of copyright protection, and the United Kingdom is a signatory to this convention.
Waiver of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work waives certain righ… #
Waiver of rights occurs when the owner of a copyrighted work waives certain rights, such as the right to reproduce or distribute the work, and under United Kingdom law, waivers of rights must be clearly stated in the agreement.
Work for hire is a concept that refers to a work that is created by an employee… #
Work for hire is a concept that refers to a work that is created by an employee or contractor, and under United Kingdom law, works for hire are considered to be owned by the employer, unless otherwise agreed.
Works of joint authorship are works that are created by multiple authors, and un… #
Works of joint authorship are works that are created by multiple authors, and under United Kingdom law, works of joint authorship are considered to be owned jointly by the authors, unless otherwise agreed.
Worldwide rights refer to the rights to use a copyrighted work on a worldwide ba… #
Worldwide rights refer to the rights to use a copyrighted work on a worldwide basis, and under United Kingdom law, worldwide rights are considered to be a form of global license.