Travel Demand Modeling
Expert-defined terms from the Transportation Planning and Policy course at London School of Business and Administration. Free to read, free to share, paired with a professional course.
Access Management refers to the process of managing access to transportation net… #
This concept is closely related to traffic management and transportation planning. Access management involves controlling the number and location of access points, such as intersections and interchanges, to minimize conflicts between different modes of transportation and reduce congestion.
Activity #
Based Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that focuses on the activities that people need to perform, such as work, school, and shopping, and how they travel to accomplish these activities. This approach is based on the idea that travel is derived from the need to participate in various activities, and that the location and timing of these activities influence travel patterns.
Alternative Modes refer to transportation modes that are alternatives to the pri… #
These modes are often promoted as a way to reduce congestion and air pollution, and to improve the overall sustainability of transportation systems.
Assignment is the process of assigning traffic to a transportation network, taki… #
This process is a key component of travel demand modeling, as it allows planners to evaluate the performance of different transportation scenarios and identify areas for improvement.
Auto #
Oriented Development refers to the type of urban development that is designed around the automobile, with wide roads, ample parking, and limited pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure. This type of development can contribute to sprawl and congestion, and can make it difficult to promote alternative modes of transportation.
Behavioral Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that focuses on the beha… #
This approach is based on the idea that travel behavior is influenced by a range of psychological and socio-economic factors.
Bicycle #
Friendly Design refers to the design of transportation infrastructure that is safe and convenient for cyclists, such as bike lanes, bike paths, and bike-share systems. This type of design can help to promote cycling as a mode of transportation and reduce congestion and air pollution.
Capacity Analysis is the process of evaluating the capacity of a transportation… #
This type of analysis is critical for identifying bottlenecks and congestion hotspots in the network.
Commuter Rail refers to a type of public transportation that is designed to tran… #
This mode of transportation can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing an alternative to driving.
Congestion Pricing is a strategy that involves charging drivers a fee to use cer… #
This approach can help to manage demand for transportation and promote more efficient use of the network.
Demand Management refers to the process of managing the demand for transportatio… #
This approach involves using a range of strategies, such as pricing and land use planning, to influence travel behavior and reduce the need for transportation.
Discrete Choice Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves analy… #
This approach is often used to evaluate the effectiveness of different transportation policies and investments.
Dynamic Traffic Assignment is a type of assignment that takes into account the d… #
Dynamic Traffic Assignment is a type of assignment that takes into account the dynamic nature of traffic flow, including the interactions between different vehicles and the impact of incidents and roadwork on traffic patterns.
Elasticity is a measure of how responsive the demand for transportation is to ch… #
This concept is important for understanding how different transportation policies and investments will impact travel behavior and demand.
Environmental Impact Assessment is the process of evaluating the potential envir… #
This type of assessment is critical for ensuring that transportation decisions are made with consideration for the environment and public health.
Four #
Step Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves four key steps: Trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and route assignment. This approach is widely used in transportation planning and is based on the idea that travel demand can be estimated by analyzing the patterns and trends of travel behavior.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computer #
based tools that allow for the analysis and visualization of spatial data, such as the location of transportation infrastructure and the distribution of population and employment. This technology is widely used in transportation planning and can help to identify patterns and trends in travel behavior.
High #
Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes are special lanes on highways that are reserved for vehicles with multiple occupants, such as carpoolers and bus riders. This type of lane can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by promoting more efficient use of the transportation network.
Incident Management refers to the process of responding to and managing incident… #
This type of management is critical for minimizing the impact of incidents on traffic flow and safety.
Integrated Transportation Systems are transportation systems that combine multip… #
This type of system can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing more options for travelers.
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are systems that use advanced technolog… #
This type of system can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing real-time information and optimizing traffic flow.
Land Use Planning is the process of managing the development and use of land to… #
This type of planning is critical for creating livable and sustainable communities.
Level of Service (LOS) is a measure of the quality of service provided by a tran… #
This measure is often used to evaluate the performance of different transportation scenarios and identify areas for improvement.
Microsimulation Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves simul… #
Microsimulation Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves simulating the behavior of individual travelers and vehicles in order to estimate travel patterns and demand.
Modal Split refers to the distribution of travel between different modes, such a… #
Modal Split refers to the distribution of travel between different modes, such as driving, walking, and public transportation.
Mode Choice Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves analyzing… #
Mode Choice Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves analyzing the choices that people make between different transportation modes, based on factors such as cost and travel time.
Multimodal Transportation refers to the use of multiple modes of transportation,… #
This type of transportation can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing more options for travelers.
Network Equilibrium is a state in which the transportation network is operating… #
Network Equilibrium is a state in which the transportation network is operating at a stable level, with no incentives for travelers to change their routes or modes.
Non #
Motorized Transportation refers to modes of transportation that do not involve the use of a motor vehicle, such as walking and cycling.
Origin #
Destination Matrix is a table that shows the number of trips between different origins and destinations in a transportation network. This type of matrix is often used to estimate travel patterns and demand, and to evaluate the effectiveness of different transportation policies and investments.
Paratransit refers to a type of public transportation that is designed to provid… #
Paratransit refers to a type of public transportation that is designed to provide flexible and personalized service, such as dial-a-ride and demand-responsive transportation.
Park #
and-Ride Facilities are locations where people can park their cars and transfer to public transportation, such as buses or trains. This type of facility can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing a convenient and efficient way to use public transportation.
Pedestrian #
Friendly Design refers to the design of transportation infrastructure that is safe and convenient for pedestrians, such as sidewalks, crosswalks, and pedestrian signals. This type of design can help to promote walking as a mode of transportation and reduce congestion and air pollution.
Public Transportation refers to modes of transportation that are available to th… #
This type of transportation can help to reduce congestion and air pollution by providing a convenient and efficient way to travel.
Ramp Metering is a strategy that involves controlling the flow of traffic onto a… #
This approach can help to optimize traffic flow and reduce the impact of incidents on the network.
Route Choice Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves analyzin… #
Route Choice Modeling is a type of travel demand modeling that involves analyzing the choices that people make between different routes, based on factors such as travel time and cost.
Smart Growth is a type of urban development that is designed to be more susta… #
This approach involves creating compact, walkable communities with a mix of housing, employment, and amenities.
Sustainable Transportation refers to modes of transportation that are environmen… #
Sustainable Transportation refers to modes of transportation that are environmentally friendly and socially responsible, such as walking, cycling, and public transportation.
Time #
of-Day Pricing is a strategy that involves charging drivers a fee to use certain roads or areas during peak hours, in order to reduce congestion and air pollution.
Traffic Calming is a strategy that involves designing roads and other transporta… #
Traffic Calming is a strategy that involves designing roads and other transportation infrastructure to reduce speed and volume of traffic, in order to create safer and more livable communities.
Traffic Management refers to the process of managing the flow of traffic on the… #
This type of management involves using a range of strategies, such as pricing and incident management, to optimize traffic flow and minimize delays.
Traffic Signal Control is the process of managing the operation of traffic signa… #
This type of control involves using advanced technologies, such as sensors and communication networks, to monitor and manage traffic signal operations.
Transit #
Oriented Development (TOD) is a type of urban development that is designed to be centered around public transportation, with a focus on reducing sprawl and congestion. This approach involves creating compact, walkable communities with a mix of housing, employment, and amenities, and a range of transportation options.
Travel Demand Management (TDM) refers to the process of managing the demand for… #
Travel Demand Management (TDM) refers to the process of managing the demand for transportation, rather than simply trying to meet that demand by building more infrastructure.
Travel Time Reliability is a measure of the consistency and predictability of tr… #
Travel Time Reliability is a measure of the consistency and predictability of travel times on the transportation network.
Trip Generation is the process of estimating the number of trips that will be ge… #
This type of estimation is often used to evaluate the impact of different transportation policies and investments.
Trip Distribution is the process of estimating the distribution of trips between… #
This type of estimation is often used to evaluate the effectiveness of different transportation policies and investments.
Urban Sprawl refers to the type of urban development that is characterized by lo… #
This type of development can contribute to congestion and air pollution, and can make it difficult to promote alternative modes of transportation.
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) is a measure of the total distance traveled by vehi… #
This concept is important for understanding how different transportation policies and investments will impact travel behavior and demand, and for evaluating the effectiveness of different strategies for reducing congestion and air pollution.
Walking and Cycling Infrastructure refers to the design and construction of faci… #
This type of infrastructure can help to promote walking and cycling as modes of transportation and reduce congestion and air pollution.