First Flush Devices and Pre-Treatment
Expert-defined terms from the Professional Certificate in Water Conservation Rainwater Harvesting course at London School of Business and Administration. Free to read, free to share, paired with a professional course.
Aerial Device a device that is used to divert and filter debris from the… #
Aerial Device a device that is used to divert and filter debris from the roof catchment area before it enters the downspout
Abrasion a process of wear and tear of a material due to friction or i… #
Abrasion a process of wear and tear of a material due to friction or impact
Acid Rain rain that has a low pH level due to the presence of pollutan… #
Acid Rain rain that has a low pH level due to the presence of pollutants
Activated Carbon a type of filter medium used to remove impurities … #
Activated Carbon a type of filter medium used to remove impurities and odors from water
Algae a type of microorganism that can grow in water and cause problem… #
Algae a type of microorganism that can grow in water and cause problems
Aquifer a layer of rock or soil that stores water #
Aquifer a layer of rock or soil that stores water
Aquatic Ecosystem a community of plants and animals that live in w… #
Aquatic Ecosystem a community of plants and animals that live in water
Atmospheric Water a source of water that is collected from the air #
Atmospheric Water a source of water that is collected from the air
Baffle a device used to slow down the flow of water in a tank #
Baffle a device used to slow down the flow of water in a tank
Bioswale a type of vegetated swale that is used to filter stormwat… #
Bioswale a type of vegetated swale that is used to filter stormwater
Booster Pump a type of pump used to increase the pressure of water #
Booster Pump a type of pump used to increase the pressure of water
Cistern a type of tank used to store rainwater #
Cistern a type of tank used to store rainwater
Clarifier a device used to remove suspended solids from water #
Clarifier a device used to remove suspended solids from water
Clean Water Act a law that regulates the quality of water #
Clean Water Act a law that regulates the quality of water
Coagulation a process used to remove particles from water #
Coagulation a process used to remove particles from water
Collection Efficiency the percentage of rainwater that is collected</b… #
Collection Efficiency the percentage of rainwater that is collected
Collection System a network of gutters and downspouts used to c… #
Collection System a network of gutters and downspouts used to collect rainwater
Conveyance Loss the amount of water that is lost during transpo… #
Conveyance Loss the amount of water that is lost during transportation
Cross Connection a connection between two systems that can cause <… #
Cross Connection a connection between two systems that can cause contamination
Dam a structure used to store water in a reservoir #
Dam a structure used to store water in a reservoir
Decentralized System a type of system that is localized #
Decentralized System a type of system that is localized
Demand Management a strategy used to reduce the demand for water #
Demand Management a strategy used to reduce the demand for water
Detention Pond a type of pond used to slow down stormwater #
Detention Pond a type of pond used to slow down stormwater
Disinfection a process used to kill microorganisms #
Disinfection a process used to kill microorganisms
Distribution System a network of pipes used to distribute water #
Distribution System a network of pipes used to distribute water
Downspout a pipe that carries water from the gutter to the grou… #
Downspout a pipe that carries water from the gutter to the ground
Drainage Basin the area of land that drains water into a waterb… #
Drainage Basin the area of land that drains water into a waterbody
Drip Irrigation a type of irrigation that uses drips to deliver wa… #
Drip Irrigation a type of irrigation that uses drips to deliver water
Drought a period of abnormally low rainfall #
Drought a period of abnormally low rainfall
Dry Pond a type of pond that is dry during dry weather #
Dry Pond a type of pond that is dry during dry weather
Effluent the wastewater that is discharged from a treatment … #
Effluent the wastewater that is discharged from a treatment plant
Efficient Use the practice of using water wisely #
Efficient Use the practice of using water wisely
Embayment a bay or cove that is connected to a lake … #
Embayment a bay or cove that is connected to a lake or ocean
End Use the purpose for which water is used #
End Use the purpose for which water is used
Energy Efficiency the practice of using energy wisely #
Energy Efficiency the practice of using energy wisely
Environmental Impact the effect of human activities on the envi… #
Environmental Impact the effect of human activities on the environment
Erosion the process of wearing away soil or rock #
Erosion the process of wearing away soil or rock
Evapotranspiration the process by which water is lost to the at… #
Evapotranspiration the process by which water is lost to the atmosphere
Filtration a process used to remove particles from water #
Filtration a process used to remove particles from water
First Flush Device a device that is used to divert the first flow… #
First Flush Device a device that is used to divert the first flow of water from the roof
Flash Flood a sudden and rapid rise in water level #
Flash Flood a sudden and rapid rise in water level
Flood Control the practice of managing floodwater #
Flood Control the practice of managing floodwater
Floodplain the area of land that is subject to floods #
Floodplain the area of land that is subject to floods
Flow Rate the volume of water that flows through a pipe #
Flow Rate the volume of water that flows through a pipe
Fluid Dynamics the study of the behavior of fluids #
Fluid Dynamics the study of the behavior of fluids
Gutter a channel that is used to collect and carry rainwate… #
Gutter a channel that is used to collect and carry rainwater
Hazardous Waste a type of waste that is hazardous to human heal… #
Hazardous Waste a type of waste that is hazardous to human health
Hydroelectric Power a type of power that is generated from water #
Hydroelectric Power a type of power that is generated from water
Hydrology the study of the behavior of water #
Hydrology the study of the behavior of water
Impervious Surface a surface that does not absorb water #
Impervious Surface a surface that does not absorb water
Infiltration the process by which water enters the soil #
Infiltration the process by which water enters the soil
Inflow the amount of water that enters a system #
Inflow the amount of water that enters a system
Inlet a point where water enters a system #
Inlet a point where water enters a system
Inspection the process of examining a system #
Inspection the process of examining a system
Integrated Water Resource Management the practice of managing wate… #
Integrated Water Resource Management the practice of managing water resources
Irrigation the practice of applying water to crops #
Irrigation the practice of applying water to crops
Lagoon a body of water that is separated from the ocean #
Lagoon a body of water that is separated from the ocean
Lake a body of water that is surrounded by land #
Lake a body of water that is surrounded by land
Leach Field a system used to treat wastewater #
Leach Field a system used to treat wastewater
Leak Detection the process of identifying leaks in a system #
Leak Detection the process of identifying leaks in a system
Level Spreader a device used to distribute water evenly #
Level Spreader a device used to distribute water evenly
Linear Programming a method used to optimize the use of resourc… #
Linear Programming a method used to optimize the use of resources
Linear Reservoir a type of reservoir that is long and na… #
Linear Reservoir a type of reservoir that is long and narrow
Load the amount of work that a system is required to… #
Load the amount of work that a system is required to do
Low Impact Development a type of development that is designed</… #
Low Impact Development a type of development that is designed to reduce the impact on the environment
Maintenance the process of keeping a system in good … #
Maintenance the process of keeping a system in good working order
Manhole a structure that is used to access a sewer #
Manhole a structure that is used to access a sewer
Maximum Contaminant Level the highest level of a contaminant</i… #
Maximum Contaminant Level the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed
Microfiltration a type of filtration that uses small pores #
Microfiltration a type of filtration that uses small pores
Microorganism a living thing that is too small to be… #
Microorganism a living thing that is too small to be seen with the naked eye
Model a representation of a system #
Model a representation of a system
Monitoring the process of tracking the performance of a … #
Monitoring the process of tracking the performance of a system
Nanofiltration a type of filtration that uses very small <b… #
Nanofiltration a type of filtration that uses very small pores
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System a program that regulat… #
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System a program that regulates the discharge of pollutants
Network a system of connected components #
Network a system of connected components
Nonpoint Source a source of pollution that is not from</… #
Nonpoint Source a source of pollution that is not from a single point
Open Channel a type of channel that is not closed #
Open Channel a type of channel that is not closed
Outfall the point where a pipe or channel empties in… #
Outfall the point where a pipe or channel empties into a waterbody
Overflow the amount of water that flows over the top of a <… #
Overflow the amount of water that flows over the top of a structure
Oxygen Demand the amount of oxygen that is required to b… #
Oxygen Demand the amount of oxygen that is required to break down organic matter
Peak Flow the highest rate of flow #
Peak Flow the highest rate of flow
Percolation the process by which water moves through the soil</… #
Percolation the process by which water moves through the soil
Permeable Pavement a type of pavement that is permeable to… #
Permeable Pavement a type of pavement that is permeable to water
pH the measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution<… #
pH the measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution
Pipe a hollow cylinder that is used to carry water #
Pipe a hollow cylinder that is used to carry water
Point of Use the location where water is used #
Point of Use the location where water is used
Pollutant a substance that contaminates the environment #
Pollutant a substance that contaminates the environment
Pond a body of water that is smaller than a lake #
Pond a body of water that is smaller than a lake
Porosity the measure of the void spaces in a material</b… #
Porosity the measure of the void spaces in a material
Potable Water water that is safe to drink #
Potable Water water that is safe to drink
Precipitation the process by which water falls to the ground</i… #
Precipitation the process by which water falls to the ground
Pre #
treatment the process of treating water before it is used
Pressure the force that is exerted on a surface #
Pressure the force that is exerted on a surface
Pump a device that is used to lift or move water #
Pump a device that is used to lift or move water
Rain Barrel a container that is used to collect and store r… #
Rain Barrel a container that is used to collect and store rainwater
Rain Garden a type of garden that is designed to collect… #
Rain Garden a type of garden that is designed to collect and filter rainwater
Recharge the process by which water enters the ground #
Recharge the process by which water enters the ground
Reclaimed Water water that has been treated and reused #
Reclaimed Water water that has been treated and reused
Recycling the process of converting waste into new produ… #
Recycling the process of converting waste into new products
Reservoir a container that is used to store water #
Reservoir a container that is used to store water
Retention Basin a type of basin that is used to slow down s… #
Retention Basin a type of basin that is used to slow down stormwater
Return Flow the amount of water that returns to the atmosphere<… #
Return Flow the amount of water that returns to the atmosphere
Reuse the practice of using water again #
Reuse the practice of using water again
Riparian a type of land that is adjacent to a waterbody<… #
Riparian a type of land that is adjacent to a waterbody
Runoff the amount of water that flows over the land #
Runoff the amount of water that flows over the land
Safe Yield the amount of water that can be safely withdrawn … #
Safe Yield the amount of water that can be safely withdrawn from a source
Sanitary Sewer a type of sewer that is used to carry wastew… #
Sanitary Sewer a type of sewer that is used to carry wastewater
Sediment a type of material that is carried by water #
Sediment a type of material that is carried by water
Sedimentation the process by which sediment settles to the bott… #
Sedimentation the process by which sediment settles to the bottom
Sewer a pipe or channel that is used to carry wastewater #
Sewer a pipe or channel that is used to carry wastewater
Silt a type of sediment that is smaller than sand #
Silt a type of sediment that is smaller than sand
Simulation a representation of a system #
Simulation a representation of a system
Sludge a type of waste that is generated during treatmen… #
Sludge a type of waste that is generated during treatment
Source Water the original source of water #
Source Water the original source of water
Specific Gravity the ratio of the density of a substance to… #
Specific Gravity the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water
Spray Irrigation a type of irrigation that uses sprays to <… #
Spray Irrigation a type of irrigation that uses sprays to distribute water
Storm Drain a type of drain that is used to carry stormwate… #
Storm Drain a type of drain that is used to carry stormwater
Stormwater the amount of water that flows over the land dur… #
Stormwater the amount of water that flows over the land during a storm
Stream a small river or creek #
Stream a small river or creek
Subsurface Flow the amount of water that flows through the soil… #
Subsurface Flow the amount of water that flows through the soil
Supernatant the upper layer of a liquid #
Supernatant the upper layer of a liquid
Surface Tension the force that acts on the surface of a … #
Surface Tension the force that acts on the surface of a liquid
Surface Water water that is found on the surface of the earth</… #
Surface Water water that is found on the surface of the earth
Suspended Solids the amount of solid material that is su… #
Suspended Solids the amount of solid material that is suspended in water
Sustainable Development the practice of meeting the needs o… #
Sustainable Development the practice of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
Swale a type of depression that is used to collect and f… #
Swale a type of depression that is used to collect and filter stormwater
System a group of connected components #
System a group of connected components
Tank a container that is used to store water #
Tank a container that is used to store water
Tertiary Treatment the third stage of wastewater treatment #
Tertiary Treatment the third stage of wastewater treatment
Total Dissolved Solids the amount of dissolved solids in wa… #
Total Dissolved Solids the amount of dissolved solids in water
Total Suspended Solids the amount of suspended solids in wa… #
Total Suspended Solids the amount of suspended solids in water
Transient a temporary condition #
Transient a temporary condition
Transmissivity the measure of the ability of a material to… #
Transmissivity the measure of the ability of a material to transmit water
Treatment Plant a facility that is used to treat wastewater #
Treatment Plant a facility that is used to treat wastewater
Turbidity the measure of the clarity of water #
Turbidity the measure of the clarity of water
Urban Runoff the amount of water that flows over the land i… #
Urban Runoff the amount of water that flows over the land in an urban area
Valve a device that is used to control the flow of water #
Valve a device that is used to control the flow of water
Vaporization the process by which a liquid turns into a … #
Vaporization the process by which a liquid turns into a gas
Velocity the measure of the speed of water #
Velocity the measure of the speed of water
Wastewater water that has been used and contains pollutants #
Wastewater water that has been used and contains pollutants
Wastewater Treatment the process of removing pollutants fro… #
Wastewater Treatment the process of removing pollutants from wastewater
Water Balance the accounting of the inputs and outputs of w… #
Water Balance the accounting of the inputs and outputs of water
Water Conservation the practice of using water efficiently #
Water Conservation the practice of using water efficiently
Water Cycle the process by which water moves through the enviro… #
Water Cycle the process by which water moves through the environment
Water Quality the measure of the condition of water #
Water Quality the measure of the condition of water
Water Rights the legal right to use water #
Water Rights the legal right to use water
Water Table the level below which the soil is saturated wit… #
Water Table the level below which the soil is saturated with water
Watershed the area of land that drains water into a waterbody</… #
Watershed the area of land that drains water into a waterbody
Wet Pond a type of pond that is designed to collect … #
Wet Pond a type of pond that is designed to collect and treat stormwater
Wetland a type of land that is covered with water #
Wetland a type of land that is covered with water
Yield the amount of water that can be obtained from a source</i… #
Yield the amount of water that can be obtained from a source
Zero Discharge the practice of eliminating all wastewater #
Zero Discharge the practice of eliminating all wastewater
Zoning the practice of regulating the use of land #
Zoning the practice of regulating the use of land
First Flush Devices a device that is used to divert the first flow… #
First Flush Devices a device that is used to divert the first flow of water from the roof
the first flush of water from the roof is often contaminated</i… #
the first flush of water from the roof is often contaminated with debris
the device is used to remove debris and contaminants from t… #
the device is used to remove debris and contaminants from the water
the device is typically installed at the downspout #
the device is typically installed at the downspout
the device is designed to divert the first flow of water fr… #
the device is designed to divert the first flow of water from the roof
the device is used to improve the quality of the water</… #
the device is used to improve the quality of the water
the device is typically used in rainwater harvesting … #
the device is typically used in rainwater harvesting systems
Pre #
Treatment the process of treating water before it is used
the pre #
treatment process is used to remove debris and contaminants from the water
the pre #
treatment process is typically used in rainwater harvesting systems
the pre #
treatment process is used to improve the quality of the water
the pre #
treatment process is typically used before the water is stored in a tank
the pre #
treatment process can include sedimentation
the pre #
treatment process can include filtration
the pre #
treatment process can include disinfection
the pre #
treatment process is important to ensure the quality of the water
the pre #
treatment process is important to prevent contamination of the water
the pre #
treatment process is important to protect the health of people and animals
the pre #
treatment process is important to protect the environment
examples of first flush devices include #
examples of first flush devices include
examples of pre #
treatment processes include
examples of rainwater harvesting systems include #
examples of rainwater harvesting systems include
examples of water conservation practices include #
examples of water conservation practices include
examples of water treatment processes include #
examples of water treatment processes include
examples of wastewater treatment processes include #
examples of wastewater treatment processes include
examples of stormwater management practices include #
examples of stormwater management practices include
examples of flood control measures include #
examples of flood control measures include
examples of irrigation systems include #
examples of irrigation systems include
examples of drinking water treatment processes in… #
examples of drinking water treatment processes include
examples of water quality monitoring programs inc… #
examples of water quality monitoring programs include
examples of water quantity management practices i… #
examples of water quantity management practices include
examples of hydrology studies include #
examples of hydrology studies include
examples of hydraulics designs include #
examples of hydraulics designs include
examples of civil engineering projects include #
examples of civil engineering projects include
examples of environmental engineering projects include</… #
examples of environmental engineering projects include
examples of chemical engineering processes include #
examples of chemical engineering processes include
examples of biological engineering processes include #
examples of biological engineering processes include
examples of ecological engineering projects include #
examples of ecological engineering projects include
challenges associated with first flush devices in… #
challenges associated with first flush devices include
challenges associated with pre #
treatment processes include
challenges associated with rainwater harvesting systems<… #
challenges associated with rainwater harvesting systems include
challenges associated with water conservation practices<… #
challenges associated with water conservation practices include
challenges associated with water treatment processes … #
challenges associated with water treatment processes include
challenges associated with wastewater treatment processe… #
challenges associated with wastewater treatment processes include
challenges associated with stormwater management practic… #
challenges associated with stormwater management practices include
challenges associated with flood control measures <i… #
challenges associated with flood control measures include
challenges associated with irrigation systems include</i… #
challenges associated with irrigation systems include
challenges associated with drinking water treatment … #
challenges associated with drinking water treatment processes include
challenges associated with water quality monitoring … #
challenges associated with water quality monitoring programs include
challenges associated with water quantity management … #
challenges associated with water quantity management practices include
challenges associated with hydrology studies include #
challenges associated with hydrology studies include
challenges associated with hydraulics designs include</i… #
challenges associated with hydraulics designs include
challenges associated with civil engineering projects</b… #
challenges associated with civil engineering projects include
challenges associated with environmental engineering pro… #
challenges associated with environmental engineering projects include
challenges associated with chemical engineering processe… #
challenges associated with chemical engineering processes include
challenges associated with biological engineering proces… #
challenges associated with biological engineering processes include
challenges associated with ecological engineering projec… #
challenges associated with ecological engineering projects include
practical applications of first flush devices inc… #
practical applications of first flush devices include
practical applications of pre #
treatment processes include
practical applications of rainwater harvesting systems</… #
practical applications of rainwater harvesting systems include
practical applications of water conservation practices</… #
practical applications of water conservation practices include
practical applications of water treatment processes … #
practical applications of water treatment processes include
practical applications of wastewater treatment processes… #
practical applications of wastewater treatment processes include
practical applications of stormwater management practice… #
practical applications of stormwater management practices include
practical applications of flood control measures … #
practical applications of flood control measures include
practical applications of irrigation systems include #
practical applications of irrigation systems include
practical applications of drinking water treatment <… #
practical applications of drinking water treatment processes include
practical applications of water quality monitoring <… #
practical applications of water quality monitoring programs include
practical applications of water quantity management … #
practical applications of water quantity management practices include
practical applications of hydrology studies include #
practical applications of hydrology studies include
practical applications of hydraulics designs include #
practical applications of hydraulics designs include
practical applications of civil engineering projects … #
practical applications of civil engineering projects include
practical applications of environmental engineering proj… #
practical applications of environmental engineering projects include
practical applications of chemical</ #
practical applications of chemical